Indonesia

Indonesia

The Subak system of terraced rice fields and landscape in Bali

Subak is a sophisticated system of water management tailored to the landscape and agricultural practices of Bali. Central to this system are intricate networks of canals, locks, and hydraulic structures aimed at distributing water across fields in an equitable manner. Rice production is the pillar of local cultural identity.

This traditional irrigation system promotes the fair distribution of water among farmers and fosters a sense of community and cooperation. Decisions are made through consensus-building processes that prioritize the collective welfare of the community over individual interests.

Water temple rituals emphasize the community’s dependence on the life-sustaining forces of Nature. Indeed, the Subak is based on the Balinese principle of ‘Tri Hita Karana’ which integrates the realms of the spirit, humans, and nature for harmonious coexistence.